What Is Acceleration?
Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with time: a = dv/dt. Because velocity is a vector, acceleration is also a vector — it points in the direction of the velocity change, not necessarily in the direction of motion.
Constant-acceleration kinematics in one dimension gives v = v0 + at, x = x0 + v0t + ½at2, and v2 = v02 + 2a(x − x0). Newton's second law connects acceleration to the net force: F = m a. SI unit: m/s2. Standard gravity g ≈ 9.81 m/s2.
Common confusion: an object thrown straight up has velocity zero at the peak but acceleration −g throughout, including at the peak. Acceleration changes velocity; momentary zero velocity does not imply zero acceleration.
Recent research on this topic from arXiv
Preprints and papers indexed on arXiv.org. Links open the public abstract pages.
- Manipulator Differential Kinematics: Part 2: Acceleration and Advanced Applications
Jesse Haviland, Peter Corke · 2022 ·arXiv:2207.01794v2
This is the second and final article on the tutorial on manipulator differential kinematics. In Part 1, we described a method of modelling kinematics using the elementary transform sequence (ETS), before formulating forward kinematics and t... - Theories with maximal acceleration
Ricardo Gallego Torromé, Piero Nicolini · 2018 ·arXiv:1805.07126v3
Maximal accelerations are related to the existence of a minimal time for a given physical system. Such a minimal time can be either an intrinsic time scale of the system or connected to a quantum gravity induced ultraviolet cut off. In this... - Some consequences of theories with maximal acceleration in laser-plasma acceleration
Ricardo Gallego Torromé · 2018 ·arXiv:1805.09665v3
In this paper we consider classical electrodynamic theories with maximal acceleration and some of their phenomenological consequences for laser-plasma acceleration. It is shown that in a recently proposed higher order jet theory of electrod... - Relativity and Accelerator Engineering
Gianluca Geloni, Vitali Kocharyan, Evgeni Saldin · 2017 ·arXiv:1709.09408v1
From a geometrical viewpoint, according to the theory of relativity, space and time constitute a four-dimensional continuum with pseudo-Euclidean structure. This has recently begun to be a practically important statement in accelerator phys...