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Electromagnetism Formula

What is Magnetic Field Around a Wire?

A long straight wire carrying current I produces a circular magnetic field whose strength falls off as 1/r.

Formula: B = \frac{\mu_0 I}{2\pi r}

Plain-English Meaning

A long straight wire carrying current I produces a circular magnetic field whose strength falls off as 1/r.

Keep charge, field, potential, and current distinct. That single habit fixes a large fraction of electromagnetism errors.

Deeper Explanation

A long straight wire carrying current I produces a circular magnetic field whose strength falls off as 1/r.

Worked Example

Problem: Find B 0.05 m from a wire carrying 10 A. (μ₀ = 4π×10⁻⁷ T·m/A)

  • B = μ₀I/(2πr)
  • B = (4π×10⁻⁷ × 10)/(2π × 0.05)
  • B = (4×10⁻⁶)/(0.1) = 4×10⁻⁵ T

Result: B = 4×10⁻⁵ T = 40 μT

At A Glance

Category: Electromagnetism

Levels covered:

Best use: Start with the formula meaning, then move to the worked example and quiz so the equation turns into a tool instead of a memorised line.