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Waves & Optics Formula

What is Lens Formula?

The thin-lens equation relates a lens's focal length to the distances of the object and image from the lens.

Formula: \frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{d_o} + \frac{1}{d_i}

Plain-English Meaning

The thin-lens equation relates a lens's focal length to the distances of the object and image from the lens.

If a waves question feels messy, sketch the geometry or phase relationship first, then return to the algebra.

Deeper Explanation

The thin-lens equation relates a lens's focal length to the distances of the object and image from the lens.

Worked Example

Problem: An object is 30 cm from a converging lens of f = 10 cm. Where is the image?

  • 1/f = 1/d_o + 1/d_i → 1/10 = 1/30 + 1/d_i
  • 1/d_i = 1/10 − 1/30 = 3/30 − 1/30 = 2/30
  • d_i = 15 cm

Result: Image forms 15 cm on the other side of the lens (real, inverted)

At A Glance

Category: Waves & Optics

Levels covered:

Best use: Start with the formula meaning, then move to the worked example and quiz so the equation turns into a tool instead of a memorised line.