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Electromagnetism Formula

What is Coulomb Constant?

The Coulomb constant k = 8.99×10⁹ N·m²/C² sets the strength of the electrostatic force in vacuum.

Formula: k = \frac{1}{4\pi\varepsilon_0}

Plain-English Meaning

The Coulomb constant k = 8.99×10⁹ N·m²/C² sets the strength of the electrostatic force in vacuum.

Keep charge, field, potential, and current distinct. That single habit fixes a large fraction of electromagnetism errors.

Deeper Explanation

The Coulomb constant k = 8.99×10⁹ N·m²/C² sets the strength of the electrostatic force in vacuum.

Worked Example

Problem: Verify: 1/(4πε₀) ≈ 8.99×10⁹ N·m²/C².

  • ε₀ = 8.854×10⁻¹² F/m
  • 4πε₀ = 4 × 3.1416 × 8.854×10⁻¹² = 1.1127×10⁻¹⁰
  • k = 1/1.1127×10⁻¹⁰ ≈ 8.988×10⁹ N·m²/C²

Result: k ≈ 8.99×10⁹ N·m²/C² ✓

At A Glance

Category: Electromagnetism

Levels covered:

Best use: Start with the formula meaning, then move to the worked example and quiz so the equation turns into a tool instead of a memorised line.